Introduction Germany is one of Europe’s largest barley producers, with its barley industry being a crucial part of both the domestic and global barley markets. The country has a long history of barley cultivation, with a focus on malting barley for its world-renowned beer industry....

Introduction France is one of Europe’s largest barley producers, playing a crucial role in the global barley market. The country’s agricultural industry benefits from favorable growing conditions, modern farming techniques, and a strong commitment to sustainability. Barley is widely used for malting, animal feed, and...