On January 25, 2025, Health Canada published a revised risk management scope for 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine (melamine; CAS 108-78-1), outlining potential human health risk management options. The document proposes measures to reduce dietary exposure to melamine from tableware and kitchen utensils, as migration of melamine into food or beverages has been identified as a potential concern (FPF reported and here). This follows the publication of an updated human health risk characterization document on the same date, which identifies carcinogenicity, effects on the urinary system, and reproductive toxicity as critical effects associated with melamine exposure (FPF reported, here and here). The assessment states that exposure through environmental media, food, and textiles is considered sufficient to address uncertainties in the health effects and exposure data used to characterize risk. 

Potential regulatory risk management measures could be implemented under the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA) or the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA), though specific details are not provided. Non-regulatory actions, such as the development of a code of practice or a performance agreement, are also under consideration. Additionally, a consumer outreach campaign could be used to inform Canadians about the potential risks associated with using melamine-based tableware and kitchen utensils. 

Health Canada is currently inviting stakeholders to submit comments on the revised risk management scope, with a deadline of March 26, 2025. If the final assessment confirms that melamine is toxic, a risk management approach would be published concurrently with the assessment, outlining proposed risk management instruments and seeking further input from stakeholders. At that stage, additional consultation opportunities would be available, the agency says. 

References 

Health Canada (January 25, 2025) “Revised risk management scope for 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine (melamine).” 

Health Canada (January 25, 2025) “Additional risk characterization document – Update to the human health assessment of melamine.” 

Terry Hyland (January 29, 2025) “Canada updates risk characterization, regulatory options for melamine.” Chemical Watch News & Insight