Introduction

The global sheep farming industry plays a crucial role in providing wool, meat, and milk. As consumers become increasingly aware of animal welfare issues, many countries are enacting stricter welfare standards to ensure the humane treatment of sheep. This report examines the top 10 countries enforcing stricter animal welfare standards for sheep farming, analyzing their regulations, financial implications, and the overall impact on the sheep industry.

1. United Kingdom

The UK is renowned for its rigorous animal welfare standards, particularly in sheep farming. The Animal Welfare Act 2006 sets a high bar, requiring farmers to ensure the welfare needs of their sheep are met, including adequate food, water, and shelter. The UK also adheres to EU regulations that include strict guidelines on the transport and slaughter of sheep.

Financially, the UK sheep industry is significant, with approximately 33 million sheep as of 2022. The total value of the UK sheep industry was estimated at £1.1 billion in 2021, with exports contributing £360 million. The strict welfare standards have resulted in a premium for UK lamb in international markets, often fetching higher prices due to ethical consumerism.

2. New Zealand

New Zealand has a well-established reputation for high animal welfare standards in sheep farming. The Animal Welfare Act 1999 mandates that farmers provide for the physical and psychological needs of their sheep. New Zealand’s Code of Welfare for Sheep outlines specific requirements for housing, feeding, and handling.

With around 29 million sheep, New Zealand’s sheep farming sector contributes significantly to the economy, with revenue reaching NZD 3.2 billion in 2022. The country exports approximately 90% of its sheep meat, and the adherence to strict welfare standards enhances its marketability, especially in high-value markets like the EU and the USA.

3. Australia

Australia’s sheep farming industry is governed by the Australian Animal Welfare Standards and Guidelines for Sheep, which were implemented in 2016. These standards emphasize the need for proper care, handling, and management practices. Australia’s focus on welfare has led to the establishment of various industry bodies that monitor compliance.

In 2022, Australia had approximately 73 million sheep, making it one of the largest producers globally. The sheep industry generated AUD 2.6 billion in farm gate value, with exports valued at AUD 1.5 billion. Stricter welfare measures have improved the quality of Australian lamb, leading to increased demand in international markets.

4. Sweden

Sweden is recognized for its comprehensive animal welfare regulations, which extend to sheep farming. The Animal Welfare Act and additional regulations set forth by the Swedish Board of Agriculture require farmers to ensure the well-being of sheep, including social interactions and environmental enrichment.

The sheep population in Sweden was approximately 800,000 in 2021, with the industry valued at SEK 1.3 billion. The focus on animal welfare has positioned Swedish lamb as a premium product, fetching higher prices both domestically and in export markets.

5. Norway

Norway has stringent animal welfare laws that apply to all livestock, including sheep. The Animal Welfare Act of 2009 mandates that farmers provide appropriate conditions and care for their animals. The Norwegian Food Safety Authority oversees compliance with these regulations.

With about 2.5 million sheep, Norway’s sheep farming industry is valued at NOK 1.5 billion. The commitment to high welfare standards has allowed Norwegian sheep products to enjoy a strong reputation in both domestic and international markets.

6. Switzerland

Switzerland’s animal welfare standards are among the strictest globally, governed by the Federal Act on Animal Protection. The regulations require farmers to provide adequate living conditions and care for sheep. Swiss farmers are also encouraged to adopt innovative practices that enhance animal welfare.

The sheep population in Switzerland was around 1.5 million in 2021, with the sheep farming sector valued at CHF 290 million. The emphasis on animal welfare has led to a strong consumer preference for Swiss lamb, contributing to the country’s robust agricultural economy.

7. Germany

Germany has implemented comprehensive animal welfare laws that include provisions for sheep farming. The Animal Welfare Act, along with EU regulations, mandates that sheep must be cared for in a manner that meets their behavioral and physiological needs.

In 2022, Germany had approximately 1.5 million sheep, with the industry valued at €440 million. The government’s focus on animal welfare has led to increased transparency in farming practices, enhancing the reputation of German sheep products both domestically and abroad.

8. Netherlands

The Netherlands enforces strict animal welfare regulations that apply to all livestock, including sheep. The Dutch Animal Welfare Act emphasizes the importance of providing adequate care and living conditions for sheep.

The Dutch sheep population was around 900,000 in 2021, with the sheep farming sector valued at €300 million. The commitment to high welfare standards has resulted in a growing demand for Dutch sheep products, particularly in European markets.

9. France

France has established a robust legal framework for animal welfare, which includes the welfare of sheep. The French Rural Code outlines specific requirements for the care and treatment of sheep, focusing on their health and well-being.

With approximately 7.5 million sheep in 2022, the French sheep farming industry was valued at €1.2 billion. Stricter welfare standards have not only improved the quality of life for sheep but have also led to an increase in the demand for French lamb in both domestic and international markets.

10. Canada

Canada’s animal welfare practices for sheep are governed by the Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Sheep, which outlines standards for housing, feeding, and health management. The Canadian government and industry stakeholders work together to ensure compliance with these welfare standards.

In 2022, Canada had approximately 1 million sheep, and the sheep farming industry was valued at CAD 350 million. The focus on animal welfare has allowed Canadian lamb to gain traction in export markets, particularly in the United States.

Conclusion

The enforcement of stricter animal welfare standards for sheep farming is a growing global trend, driven by consumer demand for ethically produced products. Countries like the United Kingdom, New Zealand, and Australia lead the way in implementing comprehensive regulations that benefit both sheep and farmers. As the global market continues to evolve, adherence to these welfare standards will be crucial for maintaining competitiveness and meeting consumer expectations.

[Read More: Global Sheep Industry Report 2025: Market Trends & Forecasts]