HPAI, aMPV, and Turkey REO virus crucial to understand and manage
15 September 2024
4 minute read
The U.S. turkey industry plays a significant role in the nation’s agricultural economy, with over 216 million turkeys produced annually, contributing to an economic impact of $103.4 billion (National Turkey Federation, 2019). Leading production states include Minnesota, North Carolina, and Arkansas, collectively yielding 5.55 billion pounds of turkey meat in 2023. Turkey meat production in 2021 was recorded at 5.558 billion pounds, underscoring its importance as a dietary staple (USDA ERS, 2024). With key export markets in Mexico and Canada, the industry remains a crucial component of U.S. agriculture. To maintain industry health, it is essential to understand diseases such as Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI), Avian Metapneumovirus (aMPV), and Turkey REO virus.
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) in Turkeys
HPAI, caused by influenza Type A viruses, leads to high mortality rates and substantial economic losses. Infected turkeys show symptoms such as sudden death, lethargy, lack of appetite, decreased egg production, swelling of the head, neck, and eyes, coughing, sneezing, and nasal discharge (Mumu et al., 2020; Swayne et al., 2000). The disease progresses rapidly, often resulting in significant flock mortality.
Since the outbreak began on February 8, 2022, approximately 90.89 million birds have been affected by HPAI across the United States, with 1,139 flocks (486 commercial and 653 backyard) spanning 48 states (USDA APHIS, 2024b). By the end of 2023, turkeys represented over 70% of the affected birds, causing significant financial strain due to the depopulation of millions of birds (Patyk et al., 2023). In 2024, the virus continues to spread, particularly in Minnesota, North Carolina, and Indiana, with severe economic repercussions impacting turkey product availability and livelihoods within the industry (USDA APHIS, 2024b).
Transmission of HPAI occurs through direct contact with infected birds or contaminated environments, with risk factors including poor biosecurity and wild birds near poultry farms. Depopulation remains the primary outbreak management method, while stringent biosecurity measures are crucial for protecting flocks from infection (Patyk et al., 2023).
Avian Metapneumovirus
Avian Metapneumovirus (aMPV) causes respiratory illness and reproductive issues in turkeys. Identified in the 1970s, aMPV has four known serotypes: A, B, C, and D (MacLachlan et al., 2017). Infected birds show respiratory distress, nasal discharge, swollen sinuses, and decreased egg production (Amine et al., 2023; Pringle, 1998), with high mortality rates and significant economic losses associated with outbreaks (Rautenschlein, 2020).
Diagnosis involves serology and PCR tests. There is no specific treatment for aMPV, making prevention and control paramount. Strategies include biosecurity, vaccination, and managing secondary bacterial infections with antibiotics (Nicholds et al., 2020). Both live and inactivated vaccines are used in areas where aMPV is common. Recent outbreaks have been reported in Virginia, North Carolina, and California, with increased serologic positives noted since early fall 2023. The National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) confirmed Avian Metapneumovirus subtype B in turkeys and broilers from Virginia, North Carolina, and subtype A in turkeys from California. The increase in serologic positives since late 2023 has been linked to high mortality events. Ongoing surveillance, improved diagnostics, and effective biosecurity practices are essential to mitigate the disease’s impact (USDA APHIS, 2024a).
Turkey REO Virus
The REO virus is a significant concern due to its widespread impact and limited treatment options. This virus primarily affects the leg joints of turkeys, causing lameness (Sharafeldin et al., 2016), swelling, and increased joint fluid. Symptoms include difficulty walking, lethargy, and swollen hocks, leading to welfare issues and economic losses due to increased culling, mortality, and reduced growth rates (Porter, 2018).
A survey by the National Turkey Federation (NTF) indicated that the REO virus consistently ranks among the top concerns for turkey producers. In 2019, approximately 2% of turkeys and 5% of toms were affected, resulting in higher production costs due to increased mortality and reduced feed efficiency (Graber, 2024). Transmission occurs vertically and horizontally, with oral exposure allowing the virus to infect intestinal epithelial cells and potentially spread to the heart, liver, intestines, and tendons (Nicholds et al., 2020).
Currently, turkeys have no specific treatment for the REO virus (Kumar et al., 2022). Management focuses on prevention and control through biosecurity measures, improved flock management, and ongoing vaccination research. The NTF Foundation actively funds research to develop better diagnostic tools and vaccines to reduce REO virus prevalence and impact (Graber, 2024).
Conclusion
The U.S. turkey industry’s fight against HPAI, aMPV, and REO virus underscores the need for stringent biosecurity, advanced research, and innovative technologies. Comprehensive biosecurity protocols are crucial for preventing outbreaks, while investment in vaccines and diagnostic tools enhances disease management. These efforts are vital for safeguarding flock health, maintaining productivity, and ensuring the industry’s economic viability. Continuous advancements in prevention and control will sustain and strengthen turkey production against emerging health challenges.
Hard candy is a sweet treat many people enjoy. Like other product categories, hard candy is not immune from inflation and rising costs; however, consumers continue to buy in the category. Chris Borges, non-chocolate candy, category director, Perfetti Van Melle USA, notes seeing a shift in consumer shopping behavior in lollipops with consumers seeking value.
Courtesy of Perfetti Van Melle
“This comes in two ways—either shoppers are picking up larger pack sizes to get a better price per ounce or smaller pack sizes to get lower absolute price points. Consumers still want lollipops, and candy in general, but they are seeking good value where they can,” he reports.
In addition to value, consumers are looking for new innovative and better-for-you products in the hard candy category.
Market data
The hard candy category saw moderate growth of 5.2% resulting in $1.1 billion in dollar sales for the 52-week period ending June 16, 2024, according to multi-outlet data from Circana. Unit sales were down 4.9% to 498.5 million, while price per unit increased 10.7% to $2.25.
The top three players in the category all experienced growth. Dollar sales for the Hershey Company (which owns the Jolly Rancher brand) were up 5.7%, resulting in $171.2 million. Bazooka Candy Brands’ sales grew 29.2% to $127.1 million, and Storck (owner of the Werther’s brand) was up 3.1% to $125.4 million.
Other notable dollar-sales sweet spots in the category during the time period:
Looking back
Heidi Dorosin, co-CEO, SmartSweets, says she is noticing now more than ever that consumers are looking for lower sugar options that taste like their childhood favorites: “They’re seeking out products with less sugar and are shying away from those with artificial sweeteners.” SmartSweets is a nostalgic brand that offers lollipops with no artificial sweeteners, added sugar, or sugar alcohols, and only 1 g of sugar for two lollipops. The lollipops come in two flavors: Blue Raspberry, and Watermelon.
Courtesy of Zolli Candy
Alina Morse, founder and CEO, Zolli Candy, states that customers are continuing to purchase hard candy despite higher costs and are opting for more better-for-you and zero sugar options. To address this need, the company has recently launched Zolli Gum Popz, a zero-sugar gum lollipop. The new product is a “mouth-watering, zero sugar strawberry gum surrounded by strawberry hard candy. Zolli Gum Popz are candy everyone can enjoy while also offering dye-free, allergen friendly, natural flavors, vegan, Keto, and gluten-free convenience,” shares Morse.
In observing the hard candy trends, Liz Smiley, brand manager, Brach’s, a Ferrara brand, says she is seeing hard candy flavors remaining relatively traditional, focusing mainly on fruit and mint profiles like lemon, peppermint, and cinnamon. However, she notes there is an opportunity to push beyond the mainstream flavors, incorporating unique elements such as popular spices and international inspiration.
Perfetti Van Melle USA recently launched two new products into the market. XXL Trio is a large, multi-layered lollipop with bubblegum inside. It is a uniquely gum-filled pop with two different flavor layers. This multi-flavor, multi-sensory experience is a trend among consumers that’s driving growth in total non-chocolate, shares Borges. The lollipop comes in four different flavor combinations: Cola Lemon, Strawberry Kiwi, Mango Orange, and Tutti Frutti Pineapple.
The company’s other new product is Melody Pops, a lollipop that also functions as a whistle with the ability to play different notes. The product comes in Strawberry, Blue Raspberry, and Watermelon flavors, and is being sold as a single pop or in a 5-count blister pack.
Seasonal sells, states Smiley: “One major factor impacting the hard candy category is consumers’ desire for everyday options but also seasonal products such as Brach’s Candy Canes and Cinnamon Imperials, which is driving continued growth in the category.”
Courtesy of SmartSweets
Candy canes are a significant part of the Brach’s hard candy business, and over the past several years, the company has found opportunities to launch innovative varieties, shares Smiley. Late last year, Brach’s gave fans a chance to indulge in holiday candies inspired by the classic film Elf with the release of Swirly Twirly Gum Drops, Candy Cane Forest Mellowcreme Candy, and elfish twists on candy canes.
“The Elf partnership was a fun way to put a twist on our classic candy canes and the flavors were inspired by the film, including Buddy the Elf Maple Syrup, World’s Best Cup of Peppermint Hot Cocoa, and Cotton Candy Headed Ninny Muggins,” Smiley adds.
Looking forward
Borges sees sour flavor as a big trend in non-chocolate candy. “Sour is the No. 2 biggest flavor in candy with 130 new sour items launched in 2023, accounting for over $140 million. And lollipops, where Perfetti Van Melle brand Chupa Chups plays today, is no different. We see sour lollipops growing double the rate of regular lollipops,” he remarks.
To respond to the trend, the company will be launching Chupa Chups Sour Lollipops later this year. “The key benefit of these lollipops is the perfect balance of sweet and sour throughout the eating experience. The sour isn’t too intense, nor does it fade away after a few seconds—a great balance from beginning to end,” shares Borges. The product will be available in a mixed bag which includes Sour Strawberry, Sour Lemon, and Sour Green Apple flavors.
Dorosin shares that company will be launching their first hard candy offering on QVC in the fall. This will provide a new channel for an existing product and allow the company to showcase the product in a different format than the traditional in-store experience.
Regardless of the impact of rising costs, hard candy manufacturers continue to bring new innovative sweets that offer exciting new flavors, better-for-you attributes, or an element of nostalgia that consumers can continue to enjoy.
Dutch seed companies can now expect faster approvals and reduced bureaucracy when importing to Ukraine seed samples for research and breeding purposes.
Legal framework The seed industry in Ukraine is primarily regulated by the Law of Ukraine “On Seeds and Planting Material” and the Law of Ukraine “On Protection of Rights to Plant Varieties”. These laws establish the legal, organizational, and economic basis for the production, certification, and marketing of seeds and planting material, as well as the protection of plant breeders’ rights. The regulatory framework aims to ensure high-quality seed production, facilitate international trade, and promote innovation in plant breeding.
Recent changes In a significant move that promises to benefit international seed importers, the Ukrainian government has recently approved an improved procedure for importing seed samples into the country. This development, announced on September 11, 2024, marks a crucial step towards enhancing Ukraine’s agricultural sector and fostering international cooperation in plant breeding and research.
Key Changes The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine has amended the existing regulations governing the issuance, refusal, reissuance, and cancellation of import confirmations for seed and planting material samples. These changes are designed to optimize the process of importing seed materials for research and breeding purposes, addressing a long-standing need in the industry.
Highlights of the new procedure include:
Simplified documentation requirements for seed importers
Enhanced transparency in the decision-making process
Provisions for expedited processing of urgent import requests
Opportunities for Dutch companies For international seed companies expanding their activities on the Ukrainian market, these changes represent a significant opportunity. The new regulations are expected to reduce the time and costs associated with importing seed samples, potentially accelerating the introduction of new varieties to Ukrainian agricultural production.
Moreover, this regulatory update aligns with Ukraine’s broader efforts to harmonize its agricultural policies with international standards, particularly those of the European Union. As Ukraine continues its path toward EU integration, such measures are likely to create a more favorable environment for foreign seed companies looking to expand their presence in the country.
Industry experts predict that these changes could lead to an increase in collaborative breeding projects between Ukrainian and international seed companies, fostering innovation and potentially boosting Ukraine’s agricultural productivity in the long term.
These changes are part of a larger trend in Ukraine’s agricultural policy. In June 2023, Ukraine introduced significant regulatory changes in the seed sector. The government of Ukraine adopted Resolution No. 964, which defines the procedure for importing into the territory of Ukraine seeds and planting materials that are not in the Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine, but are included in the List of Plant Varieties of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development for those certification schemes which Ukraine has joined. Read more
Furthermore, Ukraine has been actively aligning its plant breeders’ rights (PBR) system with European standards. The Ukrainian PBR system now closely mirrors the European system, requiring plant varieties to meet novelty, distinctiveness, uniformity, and stability (DUS) criteria.
The recent changes demonstrate Ukraine’s commitment to modernizing its agricultural sector and integrating with global markets. For international seed companies, this presents an opportune moment to explore or expand their presence in Ukraine’s promising agricultural market.
All data included in the following category breakdown was provided by Circana, a Chicago-based market research firm, and cover the previous 52-week period ending July 14, 2024.
Cheese consumption in the United States set an all-time high in 2022, reaching nearly 42 lbs per person, a half-pound per-person increase from the previous year, according to the US Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service.
For comparison, the average American consumed 32.2 lbs of cheese in 2000 and 21.9 lbs in 1980.
Basic dairy department cheeses, such as American, cheddar and mozzarella, in shred, chunk and slice format, remain the leaders in this space, but it’s the specialty and snacking items that keep shoppers interested. And most recently it’s flavor innovation that is driving adventurous shoppers to purchase more cheese.
The “swicy” trend has made it to the cheese category. Swicy is a combination of sweet and spicy, also known as sweet heat, and is often exemplified through the fusion of chiles with citrus. Another swicy pairing is heat with honey, which is showcased in new Montchevre Mike’s Hot Honey Goat Cheese from Saputo USA, Lincolnshire, Ill.
“The combo of this beloved sweet heat paired with our delicious goat cheese is unmatched,” said Jenny Englert, marketing director at Saputo.
Mike Kurtz, founder of Mike’s Hot Honey, New York, added, “We believe everything is better with the perfect kick of sweet heat. Goat cheese has always been one of my favorite foods to drizzle Mike’s Hot Honey on, so I’m excited for this collaboration to hit grocery shelves later.”
That swicy profile can be found in a number of the globally inspired flavored gouda cheeses imported from Holland by Dutch Cheese Makers, Garden City, NY. Wheels of Artikaas Youngsters cheese come in chimichurri, gochujang, jalapeno, mesquite barbecue, Peppadew and togarashi varieties. The wheels are designed for random-weight cutting in retail cheese departments.
Ellsworth Cooperative Creamery, Ellsworth, Wis., is exploring worldly flavors with its new Antonella Artisan Cheese Collection of semi-soft cheeses. The logs of cheese are hand-rolled in dried, flavorful ingredients, including herbs, vegetables and even cured meat. Varieties are Garden Vegetable & Sweet Basil, Pepperoni & Marinara, and Roasted Garlic, Tomato & Basil.
Heartisan Foods, Barron, Wis., is growing its Red Apple Cheese brand with numerous shapes, formats and flavors, including boxes with a flight of three different 8 oz cheeses. The spicy flight contains three goudas: honey sriracha, mango habanero and smoked spicy. The brand is also entering the cheese curd space with classic, garlic dill and bloody Mary flavors.
Non-cheese dairy brands want in on this dynamic sector. Prairie Farms, Edwardsville, Ill., for example, is adding a range of cheeses to its portfolio, including cheese curds, natural cheese spreads, mini wheels and a classic cheese sampler.
Some cheese brands that have been neglected in the past are being revitalized. Lactalis Heritage Dairy, a subsidiary of Lactalis USA, Buffalo, NY, acquired the Kraft Natural Cheese business in 2021. After a few years of integrating the brand into its portfolio, Lactalis is now aggressively bringing new life to the business.
New Kraft Signature Shreds, which come in 8 oz resealable bags of three blends — cheddar, Mexican and mozzarella — are designed for making restaurant-quality meals at home. The blends all include a special, premium whole milk mozzarella specifically developed by Lactalis for use in restaurants. Now it’s available from the supermarket.
Lactalis has numerous other innovations in the works for the brand. Kraft Flavor Fusions is a trio of block cheeses that can add excitement to recipes and elevate snacking occasions. Varieties are Buffalo Ranch Monterey Jack, Garlic & Herb Cheddar, and Tomato Basil Monterey Jack.
Mozzarella remains one of America’s favorite cheeses, and producers continue to come up with new products in the category to entice grocery shoppers.
New from mozzarella specialist BelGioioso Cheese is a sliced Baking Fresh Mozzarella, which comes in a 1 lb log. It’s made with a lower moisture level, making it ideal for baking in pastas and on pizzas or panini, according to BelGioioso.
The company also recently introduced ciliegine balls in an olive oil marinade flavored with fresh basil and garlic.
Meanwhile, two longstanding mozzarella products from BelGioioso — Pearls, particularly the smaller sizes, and Sliced Fresh Mozzarella — remain staples in consumers’ refrigerators.
“People love the convenience and different options of pack sizes,” said BelGioioso’s Sofia Auricchio Krans. “As consumers were introduced to the caprese salad, fresh mozzarella became one of America’s favorite cheeses.”
Category innovations
Since acquiring the Athenos brand from Lactalis Group in 2021, Emmi Roth has been showcasing the versatility of this fresh white cheese. The brand’s most recent innovation is crumbled feta cheese dusted with Tajin chili lime seasoning. There’s also a whipped feta dip and spread format.
Bel Brands USA typically offers one new limited-time Boursin Gournay cheese every summer. Last year it was black truffle and sea salt. New for 2024 is rosemary and black garlic.
Paneer is a firm, no-melt, high-protein cheese that often substitutes for meat in vegetarian entrees of Indian cuisine. Karoun Dairies Inc., now offers a masala seasoned paneer to make it easier for home cooks to get creative.
Organic Valley’s new Flavor Favorites come in Italian Herb Mozzarella Shreds, Spicy Cheddar Shreds, Spicy Cheddar Slices and Smoky Cheddar Slices.
From slowing inflation to Seven & i Holdings’ refusal to be bought by Alimentation Couche-Tard to the passing of a beloved chain’s CEO, don’t miss the latest episode of FI News Review, where we cover the latest and greatest in the Food and Beverage Industry this week!
SARASOTA, FLA.— Boar’s Head confirmed on Sept. 13 that it plans to “indefinitely close” its Jarratt, Va., plant, which has not been running since July following the Listeria outbreak.
“This is a dark moment in our company’s history, but we intend to use this as an opportunity to enhance food safety programs not just for our company but for the entire industry,” Boar’s Head said in a statement.
The meat producer said that its investigation identified the root cause of the contamination as a specific production process that only existed at the Jarratt plant, which was used for liverwurst. Boar’s Head has now decided to permanently discontinue liverwurst.
“It pains us to impact the livelihoods of hundreds of hard-working employees,” the company said. “We do not take lightly our responsibility as one of the area’s largest employers. But, under these circumstances, we feel that a plant closure is the most prudent course. We will work to assist each of our employees in the transition process.
The United Food & Commercial Workers Local 400 union released a statement regarding the company’s decision.
The union noted that the company agreed to provide union members with the opportunity to transfer to other Boar’s Headed facilities or accept a severance package.
“Everyone agrees this unprecedented tragedy was not the fault of the workforce, so it is especially unfortunate that the Jarratt plant must close indefinitely and put so many men and women out of work,” UFCW Local 400 said in a statement. “Thankfully these workers have a union they can count on to always have their backs. We appreciate the extraordinary efforts Boar’s Head has made to keep our members on the job as long as possible and to ensure everyone is taken care of during this process.”
As investigations continue into the Listeria outbreak at the Boar’s Head Jarratt facility, the company announced on Sept. 13 that it would revise its food safety and quality measures.
In an updated statement on its website, Boar’s Head confirmed that it would appoint a new chief food safety and quality assurance officer (CFSO), with the company recruiting for the position now. The person will report directly to the president of Boar’s Head.
Along with the new position, the company announced it would establish a “Boar’s Head Food Safety Council,” which will be made up of independent food experts with some of them assisting the current investigation at the Jarratt plant.
“The Food Safety Council, which may evolve over time and as needed, will assist the company’s adoption and implementation of enhanced quality assurance (QA) programs and create a new standard for food safety in the industry,” Boar’s Head said in its statement. “The council will serve as advisors to the new chief food safety officer and to the company as a whole.”
Founding council members include Dr. David Acheson, president and chief executive officer of the Acheson Group, a global food safety consulting group. Before working in food safety industry roles, he served at the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for eight years, which included chief medical officer of the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition to Associate Commissioner for Foods.
Next, Mindy Brashears, a food safety expert and academic, will also join the council. Brashears served as the USDA’s Undersecretary for Food Safety during the Trump Administration. She currently works as a professor of food safety and public health and director of the International Center for Food Industry Excellence at Texas Tech University.
Martin Wiedmann, DVM, a food microbiologist and academic, will serve on the council. He is the Cornell University Gellert Family Professor in Food Safety and the New York State Integrated Food Safety Center of Excellence co-director. With experience as a veterinarian and food scientist, Wiedmann researched foodborne pathogens and prevention.
Finally, Frank Yiannas, deputy commissioner for food policy and response at the FDA from December 2018 to February 2023, will also be on the council. While at the agency, Yiannas helped implement the Food Safety Modernization Act, collaborating with the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, the Center for Veterinary Medicine, and the Office of Regulatory Affairs.
Along with these appointments, Boar’s Head said it will enhance its companywide food safety and quality assurance program. The initiative will be led by the CFSO and developed in partnership with the council.
“We remain steadfast in our commitment to our customers and to the safety and quality of our products,” the company stated. “You have our promise that we will work tirelessly to regain your trust and ensure that all Boar’s Head products consistently meet the high standards that you deserve and expect. We are determined to learn from this experience and emerge stronger.”
Earlier this week, documents from the USDA indicated new details about food safety protocol going back two years at the Jarratt facility. While the USDA earlier disclosed 69 instances of noncompliance between Aug. 1, 2023, and Aug. 2, 2024, at the Jarratt facility, a more recently released report revealed violations as early as 2022. The second round of inspection citations covered the period between January 2022 and June 2023. One note from the USDA categorized the facility as an “imminent threat” before the outbreak.
The plant in Virginia remains closed as investigations continue.
The company also shared its USDA Notice of Suspension ti received for the Jarratt facility on July 31.
During July, Boar’s Head recalled 7 million lbs of meat and poultry products due to the Listeria contamination.
According to current numbers from the Atlanta-based Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 57 people have been hospitalized and nine people have died as a result of the Listeria outbreak linked to sliced deli meat, including products from Boar’s Head.
A division of the gourmet food manufacturer Avatar Natural Foods, all-natural Bettr Bowl offers high-quality, affordable frozen meals that let foodies explore healthy world flavors. Fresh sustainable sourced ingredients are incorporated into each wholesome recipe, with no fillers, hydrogenated oils, corn syrup, added sugars, or preservatives.
The flavors are balanced, sodium-conscious, and reminiscent of home-cooked meals. BettrBowl delivers the benefits of a healthy prepared meal that consumers can enjoy with little prep time (just three minutes in the microwave). Consumers won’t find any shortcuts in the way Chef Diego Silva and his team prepare these meals, only high-nutrition solutions made with natural ingredients. The debut bowls are now available at Aldi—Chipotle Chicken Bowl and Birria Rice Bowl.
Product details include:
– Convenience: Ready in minutes for busy lifestyles without compromising on taste or nutrition. –
Nutrition: High in protein and packed with essential nutrients to energize consumers throughout the day. –
Flavor Variety: Two options – Birria Rice Bowl and Chipotle Chicken Bowl- cater to diverse taste preferences. –
Natural Ingredients: Made with natural, non-GMO ingredients and free from artificial preservatives. –
IQF Technology: Individually Quick Frozen to lock in flavor and nutrients, ensuring each bite is as fresh as the first.
The products are grass-fed beef, no antibiotic chicken, all products are cooked in-house, and do not include corn syrup.
Livestock analyst Jim Wyckoff reports on global protein news
13 September 2024
12 minute read
Weekly USDA US beef, pork export sales
Beef: Net US sales of 11,400 MT for 2024 were down 31 percent from the previous week and 41 percent from the prior 4-week average. Increases were primarily for South Korea (3,200 MT, including decreases of 300 MT), Mexico (1,900 MT, including decreases of 100 MT), Japan (1,500 MT, including decreases of 200 MT), Canada (1,100 MT), and Taiwan (1,000 MT, including decreases of 100 MT). Exports of 11,800 MT were down 21 percent from the previous week and 16 percent from the prior 4-week average. The destinations were primarily to South Korea (3,100 MT), Japan (2,600 MT), China (1,800 MT), Mexico (1,200 MT), and Taiwan (600 MT).
Pork: Net US sales of 29,700 MT for 2024 were up 43 percent from the previous week and 15 percent from the prior 4-week average. Increases were primarily for Mexico (14,200 MT, including decreases of 200 MT), Japan (4,300 MT), Colombia (2,400 MT, including decreases of 100 MT), China (2,000 MT, including decreases of 200 MT), and Canada (1,400 MT, including decreases of 700 MT). Total net sales of 100 MT for 2025 were for the Dominican Republic. Exports of 25,700 MT were down 8 percent from the previous week and 10 percent from the prior 4-week average. The destinations were primarily to Mexico (10,700 MT), Japan (3,800 MT), China (3,200 MT), Colombia (1,700 MT), and South Korea (1,600 MT).
Chinese meat imports have declined significantly compared to previous years
Through the first eight months of 2024, China imported 4.40 million metric tons (MMT) of meat products, down 13.9% from the same period in 2023. In August 2024, China imported 565,000 MT of meat, which was 9.9% lower than August 2023. Beef imports have been particularly affected, with volumes down 27% year-over-year in July 2024.
Several factors are contributing to lower Chinese meat imports in 2024:
Economic headwinds are impacting consumption of both pork and beef.
China has ample domestic meat supplies after building up stocks in 2023.
Pork production in China remains high, reducing import needs.
Chinese consumers are seeking cheaper protein options due to economic slowdown.
Import bans on some U.S. meat facilities have restricted supply.
Pork
Pork imports may grow marginally to offset a forecasted 3% decline in domestic production.
China’s pork output fell 0.4% year-over-year in Q1 2024, the first quarterly decline in nearly 4 years.
Beef
Beef imports are expected to decline in 2024 due to high year-end inventory and flat demand.
China’s share of global beef imports is forecast to be 5% below 2023 levels.
Poultry
Poultry meat imports accounted for $282 million in July 2024, resulting in a negative trade balance.
Impact on global trade
The U.S. has seen a fall in meat exports as China scales back imports.
Brazil has increased beef exports to China, up 10.2% in the first half of 2024.
Australia has shifted more beef exports to the U.S. and Japan as Chinese demand weakens.
Bottom line: While there have been some month-to-month fluctuations, overall Chinese meat imports remain well below 2023 levels as domestic production remains high and economic factors dampen demand. This has led to shifts in global meat trade flows, with exporters like the U.S., Brazil and Australia adjusting to changing Chinese import patterns.
Highlights of US pork group virtual briefing on key challenges
Bottom line issues for National Pork Producers Council:
Brian Humphreys, CEO of the National Pork Producers Council, said: We’re here to find solutions, not just discuss challenges. We need a 2024 Farm Bill — not an extension. We need a legislative fix to California’s Prop 12, resolutions to the labor shortage, and an active trade agenda. NPPC says moving a new farm bill this year with language restricting state animal welfare rules is the group’s top priority.
Need for new farm bill: “With all the stress on farmers now, it’s important that we get this moved now while we’ve got the opportunity,” Duane Stateler, president-elect of NPPC, said in the virtual briefing. “If the farm bill goes into next year, it starts all over. We have many good things in this farm bill which makes it imperative we get it done in 2024,” Lori Stevermer, NPPC president, said in the briefing.
Proposition 12: “The 2024 Farm Bill is a golden opportunity to address a top issue for pork producers across the country – California Prop 12,” Stevermer said. Proposition 12, a 2018 California ballot initiative, prohibits the sale of uncooked whole pork meat not produced according to the state’s arbitrary housing dimensions. The initiative places the cost and compliance burden on pork producers, who are nearly all located outside of California, and puts the industry at risk of significant consolidation, NPPC argues. The Supreme Court of the United States said this is an issue for Congress to solve, and NPPC has been urging passage of the farm bill which includes a federal solution to Prop 12. “We cannot continue down a path of unscientific rules and regulations,” Humphreys said on the call. “It’s not a question about what has happened, but it’s a question of how do we move forward and protect the U.S. from this patchwork of regulations? We appreciate the bipartisan solution in the farm bill to make that happen.” Stevermer said Prop 12 impacts extend beyond producers as it has also resulted in higher prices for consumers. “Pork prices are up on average 20% since Prop 12 went into place, and the supply is down about 20% so that’s not good for consumers, and it’s not good for farmers either,” she said.
Labor issues remain a concern, with the group presses for improvements to the TN skilled guestworker visa program. NPPC said policy concerns include addressing the persistent ag labor shortage and contending with inflationary impacts on production costs. While ag labor discussions often focus on the H-2A ag guestworker program for low-skilled farm laborers, pork industry officials said they also face difficulty using the TN visa program, which allows businesses to procure skilled workers from Mexico and Canada. The State Department recently made changes to the program aimed at streamlining it, but NPPC officials said they have effectively closed off the ability to use TN visas by the pork sector. “It just seems like every day there’s less and less TNs approved,” said NPPC Vice President Rob Brenneman. He explained that the program has become more important in helping producers secure the workers skilled in utilizing new production technologies that are difficult to find in the domestic labor market. “I think it’s absolutely absurd that we just keep getting TNs denied … we’ve been to the State Department, and we’ve been to the White House and had conversations, and it just seems like they’re doing everything in their power to do the opposite of what we’re asking because nothing’s changed,” Brenneman said.
Cost of production. NPPC officials said that besides labor shortages, producers also continue to grapple with higher production costs, though the growth in costs has slowed in areas like feed. Other fixed costs like transport, labor and utility bills mean overall production costs remain roughly 25% higher than they were three years ago, officials stressed. “While we’re getting a little relief on the feed side, we’re still seeing elevated costs of production,” said NPPC board member Scott Hays.
CAFOs: Officials were asked to weigh in on a lawsuit from environmental groups seeking to compel EPA to act on their petition seeking an overhaul of how the agency regulates concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs). NPPC and other livestock and poultry interests are backing EPA’s decision to deny the petition, as the question heads to federal court later this week. Calling the CAFO lawsuit “an attack on ag by activist groups,” NPPC’s Statler said, noting EPA was right to deny the petition. “What they’ve asked EPA to do was illegal.” Stateler praised EPA for engaging with stakeholders including NPPC on the issue to gather information before considering any additional action. “They decided to take a look and look at the facts, and they turned it over to explore the issues that are really involving all CAFOs and the ag groups, including NPPC, are participating in that process,” he added, saying the group looks forward to finding a solution that works for all involved.
Trade policy: NPPC continues to urge new trade agreements, but acknowledges new FTAs are unlikely. “We know that’s not how things are being done — in the manner that maybe they were, you know, 10 or 15 years ago,” Stevermer said regarding new FTAs, but she added that such agreements are not an end all be all for trade. Trade programs like the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) and African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA), both pending renewal, are also important for the sector, she said.
US confirms first H5N1 case with no known animal exposure
A Missouri resident has been confirmed as the first case of the H5N1 virus with no known exposure to sick animals, according to the CDC. The individual, who was hospitalized and has since recovered, had no work-related contact with animals. The infection was identified through routine flu surveillance, rather than the targeted H5N1 program typically used for farm workers. This marks a shift in how the virus is being monitored and may indicate new patterns of transmission.
FAO food price index slips again in August
The UN Food and Agriculture Organization global food price index slipped 0.5% in August, the second straight small monthly decline, as decreases in sugar, meat and cereal grains outweighed increases for vegoils and dairy products. The August index was down 1.1% from last year. Compared to year-ago, prices declined 12.0% for cereal grains and 23.1% for sugar, while they rose 3.6% for meats, 14.3% for dairy and 8.1% for vegoils.
Weekly USDA dairy report
CME GROUP CASH MARKETS (9/06) BUTTER: Grade AA closed at $3.1750. The weekly average for Grade AA is $3.1594 (-0.0226). CHEESE: Barrels closed at $2.2750 and 40# blocks at $2.2700. The weekly average for barrels is $2.2588 (+0.0473) and blocks $2.2363 (+0.1083). NONFAT DRY MILK: Grade A closed at $1.3650. The weekly average for Grade A is $1.3550 (+0.0435). DRY WHEY: Extra grade dry whey closed at $0.5875. The weekly average for dry whey is $0.5725 (+0.0120).
BUTTER HIGHLIGHTS: In the West, butter demand varies from steady to stronger for the retail and food service sectors. In the Central region, butter demand is stronger for both as well with seasonal strength gathering. For the East, retail demand is stronger, and food service demand is steady. Cream supplies are looser with the holiday weekend contributing to market availability of loads. However, not enough to make cream volumes abundantly available throughout the country. Stakeholders convey cream availability remains relatively tight in the East. Butter production paces mostly vary from steady to stronger. Bulk butter overages range from minus 7 to 10 cents above market, across all regions.
CHEESE HIGHLIGHTS: Contacts relay cheese production schedules vary from steady to lighter throughout the U.S. In the East, milk availability for Class III processors is tempered by strong Class I bottling demand. Labor Day weekend freed up some spot milk temporarily, but contacts continue to share seasonally steady to lighter cheese manufacturing activity. In the Central region, contacts report spot milk prices ranging from $1/cwt to $2.50/cwt over Class III. That said, some cheesemakers relay getting no spot milk offers, and cheese production remains seasonally lighter. Some processors share they are shifting production focus away from blocks and back into barrels. Contacts in the West are running steady cheese production schedules despite tight spot milk availability. Some manufacturers share there are limited cheese inventories available for interested spot purchasers.
FLUID MILK: The unceasing milk production carried on across the country despite the holiday weekend. Farm level milk production proceeds to weaken over much of the East and Midwest. Processors there are feeling the pinch in production. Reported spot milk prices in the Midwest ranged from $1-over to $2.50 over Class III. Cooler temperatures are being seen over some parts of both regions, and farmers are anticipating the effects in the coming weeks. Arizona and the Pacific Northwest are also experiencing a dip in milk levels. Most of the mountain states have generally steady production. Increased levels of milk are being seen in California and New Mexico. Nationwide, school schedules have pushed Class I demand for bottling to its peak. Class II and III production is mixed as Class I draws on available milk supplies. Demands for cream and condensed skim are steady to strong. Spot loads of condensed skim are a rarity in most of the country. Cream supplies remain tight, but a small gain in cream availability was seen over the holiday weekend. It is not expected to last long, but Class IV manufacturers are making the most of it. Cream multiples range from 1.15 – 1.50 in the East, 1.16 – 1.34 in the Midwest, and 1.10 – 1.30 in the West.
DRY PRODUCTS: Low/medium heat nonfat dry milk (NDM) prices moved up at every facet in all regions this week. Clearly, markets have found some bullish tailwinds with stronger demand and tightening supplies. Dry buttermilk prices were steady in the Central/East regions, while moving higher in the West. Dry buttermilk Q4 demand has begun to stir potential market bulls. Central and West whey prices were steady to higher, while East whey prices held steady. Whey supplies are noted as very tight according to a number of processors. Lactose prices were steady to slightly lower, as international demand has been less consistent recently. Whey protein concentrate (WPC) 34% prices edged higher at every point this week on renewed interest from end users, particularly those who can alternate between WPC 34% and NDM. Dry whole milk prices were higher this week, as interest remains steady, but inventories are, and have been, noticeably tight. Rennet and acid casein prices were steady on quiet trading activity.
ORGANIC DAIRY MARKET NEWS: The first publication of the Pennsylvania Monthly Organic Dairy Report was released on September 6, 2024. The Vermont Monthly Organic Dairy Report covering June 2024 showed the weighted average price for fluid milk decreased from May, while the total volume and average daily production per cow also decreased. The USDA AMS National Organic Program (NOP) Organic Insider sent out on August 30th discussed an upcoming meeting of the National Organic Standards Board (NOSB) in Portland, Oregon in October 2024. Monthly export volumes for organic milk during July 2024 were up from the month prior, and up from July 2023. Total organic dairy ads increased in the week 36 retail ad survey. Every organic commodity present in last week’s survey, except sour cream, appeared in more ads this week. This week’s most advertised organic dairy product was milk. Organic cottage cheese, cream cheese, and ice cream appeared in this week’s retail ad survey after not being present last week.
US RETAIL REPORT: Conventional dairy advertisement totals slid 11 percent lower, while organic retail dairy ad totals increased 42 percent during week 36. Conventional ice cream, in 48-to-64-ounce containers, for the second consecutive week was not the most advertised dairy item, as that item’s ad totals decreased 43 percent from last week. Conventional sliced cheese in six-to-eight-ounce packages was the most advertised item this week, while half-gallon milk returned to its normal top spot among organic dairy items, after a 65 percent increase from last week’s ad totals.
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Dive Brief:
Life cereal is again reviving Mikey, a picky eater kid that first appeared in commercials in the early ‘70s and rose to pop cultural prominence, per details shared with Marketing Dive.
The spokesperson stars in a new musical commercial with a jingle that draws inspiration from the original “Mikey likes it” tagline. The creative depicting a hectic morning in a busy household also bows a new tagline, “I really love my life.”
The spot, available in 15- and 30-second cuts, is running on streamers, social media, retail media and audio channels. Life is positioning the campaign as a brand refresh focused on messy mornings and how families can be united around breakfast.
Dive Insight:
Life’s Mikey character first made a splash in the heyday of TV advertising, becoming a fixture over the course of decades with a tagline that entered the broader pop culture lexicon. Life has searched for its “next Mikey” on a few occasions, including in 1997 and in 2019, when the character was gender-flipped to be a young girl in a campaign titled “Stand off.”
Now, amid a wave of marketing centered on consumer nostalgia, the Quaker-owned brand is bringing the spokesperson back as part of a larger refresh and with some additions, including a new tagline and musical bent. PepsiCo’s internal D3 creative agency is behind the effort.
Ads that launched on Sept. 12 show the latest Mikey, played by Hudson Uebelhardt, as he details a morning full of mishaps, such as toothpaste getting snagged in his mom’s hair, in song. The turbulence settles when his family gathers around the dining table, recreating an iconic moment as picky eater Mikey enjoys a bowl of Life, leading his siblings to exclaim, “He likes it! Hey Mikey!” The spot closes on Mikey repeating, “I really love my life!”
The upbeat commercials have a heavily digital media plan, appearing on Disney+, Hulu, ESPN+, Canela, Amazon, YouTube, TikTok, Meta and SiriusXM. Life is also taking advantage of retail media through Walmart Connect, the big-box store’s advertising arm that helps brands place messages close to the point of sale with help from first-party shopper data.
A deluge of brands have recently dusted off old catchphrases, characters and jingles to tap into a sense of consumer familiarity, while modernizing those assets to recognize that media consumption habits have drifted toward smartphones and streaming. Maybelline New York earlier this month resurrected “Maybe It’s Maybelline,” a tagline that debuted in 1991, with a focus on TikTok and social media influencers.
Shukla is a PhD candidate at Cornell University where he is working to turn food waste streams into value-added food products. He currently serves as the president of the Food Science Product Development Club at Cornell.
“I look forward to shaping the future of IFTSA and ensuring that IFT is a community for all students in the science of food.” — Viral Shukla | president | Institute of Food Technologists Student Association
With seven years as an IFT member under his belt, Shukla has experience serving in several volunteer positions and has participated in multiple competitions.
“IFT has been with me every step of my journey and has helped me grow as a scientist and leader,” Shukla said. “I look forward to shaping the future of IFTSA and ensuring that IFT is a community for all students in the science of food. You belong here at IFT.”
Shukla will hold the position for a one-year term before being succeeded by Jana Schreduer, who has entered the role of IFTSA president-elect. Schreduer is from Stellenbosch University in South Africa and is the first president-elect from a non-US institution.
“I am extremely excited to be working alongside Viral and Luuvan in the IFTSA Office of the President,” Schreuder said. “Viral is a strategic leader and I am excited to learn from him. I think IFTSA is in excellent hands with Viral in the presidential seat and I am excited to see what he can accomplish for our student members during his term.”
